What Are the Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease?
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term condition where the kidneys lose function gradually. CKD has five stages, defined by glomerular filtration rate (GFR)—a measure of how well your kidneys filter waste. Early diagnosis and proper management can help slow its progression.
Stage 1: Kidney Damage with Normal Function
- GFR: 90 or above
In Stage 1, kidneys still function well, but there may be early signs of damage—like protein in the urine or abnormal imaging.
What to do: Monitor blood pressure, manage diabetes, and follow a kidney-friendly diet.
Stage 2: Mild Loss of Kidney Function
- GFR: 60–89
Slight reduction in kidney function begins. You may still feel fine, but damage is progressing silently.
User intent: “How serious is Stage 2 CKD?” — While not urgent, it’s a warning to act early.
Stage 3: Moderate Kidney Damage
- GFR: 30–59
This is often the first time symptoms show—like fatigue, swelling, or changes in urination. Stage 3 is split: - 3a (GFR 45–59)
- 3b (GFR 30–44)
What you need: Regular lab tests, specialist care, and lifestyle changes to protect kidney function.
Stage 4: Severe Decline in Kidney Function
- GFR: 15–29
Symptoms become more noticeable, and complications like anemia or bone disease may occur.
This stage is critical for planning dialysis or a transplant if needed later.
Stage 5: Kidney Failure (End-Stage Renal Disease)
- GFR: Below 15
Kidneys no longer function well enough to support life. Treatment usually involves dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Question answered: “What happens in stage 5 CKD?” — It’s life-threatening and needs immediate care.
How Is CKD Diagnosed and Tracked?
Doctors use GFR tests, urine tests, and imaging to assess damage. A CKD chart helps track your stage and plan treatment.
Tip: Ask for your GFR number at every checkup—it tells you where you stand.
Bonus: What About CKD in Pets Like Cats?
Chronic kidney disease also affects older cats, with similar staging based on creatinine levels. If your pet is drinking more water or losing weight, talk to a vet.
Managing CKD at Any Stage
No matter your stage, lifestyle changes, medication, and early intervention can make a huge difference. Work closely with your doctor to protect your kidneys and slow the disease.